12.02.2020

What is the difference between the words which and that?

For example I have the following sentences:

• “I have a car which is blue.”
• “I have a car that is blue.”

You should use that when the clause is required for the sentence to make sense, and which when the clause is not necessary. Consider the following examples:

I would like you to hand me the pencil that is on the counter.

Here, the statement requires that since the clause afterwards provides necessary information.

We are having chicken, which is my favorite, for dinner tonight.

Here, we can remove the which clause and the meaning of the sentence perseveres.

he difference is that "that" refers directly to the element it follows, so "I have a car that is blue" would be correct, because you're referring to the car.

On the other hand, "which" refers to the situation it follows: "I have a car, which is a necessity in Miami." Here you're referring to "having a car."

Two better examples:

Every night, my father makes me read a book that I hate.

[You hate the book]

Every night, my father makes me read a book, which I hate.

[You hate having to read a book every night]

Quiz on Which, That, and Who

1. People ________ live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.

who

which

that

2. Walden Pond, ______ was written in the mid-1800s, remains a popular book among romantic and individualistic Americans.

who

which

that

3. She prefers to watch movies ______ make her cry.

who

which

that

4. He bought all the books ________ are required for the course.

who

which

that

5. In the crowd were several recruits _______ are regarded as excellent prospects for next year's team.

who

which

that

6. The police were able to find no evidence against her, _____ surprised no one who knows her well.

who

which

that

7 Tashonda Viereck's children, ______ all graduated from college, came home for her eightieth birthday.

who

which

that

8. Predictably, the students _____ did best were not the ones who stayed up all night studying.

who

which

that

9. She wanted to buy a scarf _______ would complement her blue eyes.

who

which

that

10. The answers, ________ you can find in the back of the book, are sometimes incorrect.

who

which

that

Watch the video and choose the correct answer.

1. What is the 2020 Census?

a.) Only U.S. citizens need to take the 2020 Census. The Census is a population count of all U.S. citizens.

b.) The 2020 Census counts every person living in the The United States.

2. How will 2020 census data be used?

a.) To inform decisions about funding for services like fire stations, schools, and health clinics.

b.) To help local farmers understand what vegetables to grow for their communities.

3. How does the 2020 census affect representation?

a.) There are 435 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives. These are distributed to the 50 states by population. The Census determines how many seats each State gets.

b.) States with large populations receive 435 Representatives.

4. How do I take the 2020 census?

a.) You can complete the census questionnaire online, over the phone, or by mail.

b.) It takes about 10 minutes.

5. Is my 2020 census data is safe?

a.) Yes. By law, it can't be shared with anyone.

b.) No. It will be put on the internet and shared with everyone.

https://wordwall.net/resource/809606/false-friends-1

TOEFL Integrated Writing Task Practice

Directions: Give yourself 3 minutes to read the passage.

The “comics medium” includes newspaper comic strips such as Dennis the Menace and comic books such as Spider-Man. Scholars around the world agree that comics are a uniquely American art form.

The first commercially successful comic strip was Hogan’s Alley, a comic strip from the 1890s. Hogan’s Alley featured the Yellow Kid, the world’s first popular cartoon character. This strip and its character marked the beginning of comics and was American in every respect. Set in a low-income neighborhood in New York City, Hogan’s Alley dealt with the lives of ordinary Americans. It was written and drawn by American cartoonist R.F. Outcault. Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst, two famous and influential American publishers, printed the comic strip in their newspapers.

The first popular comic book in the world was also American. Action Comics, a series that is still in print today, was initially released in 1938. It featured Superman, the world’s first superhero. Like Hogan’s Alley, Superman was American-created.

Americans invented comic strips, and Americans have exported their unique art form to the rest of the world. Japanese comics, called manga, were inspired by the comics that Americans brought to Japan after World War II. Popular European comics series such as Smurfs and Asterix are influenced by Disney comic books. Today, American-created Disney comic characters are more popular in Europe than ever.

The comics medium started in America. While it has spread around the world, even comics that aren’t created by Americans have an undeniable American influence. This is why so many art and literature scholars recognize the comic strip as a truly American art form.

Directions: Summarize the main points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific points made in the reading passage. You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and how well your response presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage.

https://magoosh.com/toefl/2015/toefl-integrated-writing-practice-task/